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Legal entity that is a commercial organization takes part in business under its brand name, which is determined in its foundation documents and is included to uniform state register of legal entities upon state registration of legal entity.Legal entity holds exclusive right to the use of its brand name as a means of individualization in any manner that does not contravene the laws (exclusive right to brand name).Abbreviated brand names, as well as brand names in the languages of peoples of the Russian Federation and foreign languages are protected by the exclusive right to brand name provided that they are included to uniform state register of legal entities.Disposal of exclusive right to brand name (including its assignment or transfer to other party) is not allowed.Legal entity is not allowed to use brand name identical to the name of other legal entity or similar to it so that it can be confusing, if the aforementioned legal entities perform similar activities and brand name of the second legal entity was registered in the uniform state register of legal entities earlier than that of the first legal entity.Legal entity shall upon the demand of the right holder stop using brand name identical to the brand name of right holder or similar thereto so that it can be confusing, with regards to activity types that are similar to the activities performed by the right holder, and shall compensate the right holder for all damages made.For more information refer to Paragraph 1, Chapter 76 of the Civil Code of the RF, part four, dd. December 18, 2006. N 230-ФЗ

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A trade mark that is indication used for individualization of commodities of legal entities or individual entrepreneurs subject to exclusive right certified by corresponding certificate of trademark A person, in whose name such trademark is registered (right holder), enjoys exclusive right to the use of the trademark in accordance with article 1229 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in any legal manner (exclusive right to trademark), including the ways provided for below. The right holder can dispose of exclusive right to trademark.Exclusive right to trademark can be exercised for individualization of goods, works or services, in regards to which such trademark was registered, particularly through posting of trademark on the "Internet", including domain names or other ways of addressing.No one has a right without consent of right holder to use trademark similar to that of such right holder’s for identification of goods, for individualization of which such trademark is registered, or similar goods, if such use may result in confusion.Right holder has the right to use copyright symbol to inform about his/her exclusive right to trademark that is placed next to the trademark and consists of Latin letter "R" or Latin letter "R" in circle, or word "trademark" or "registered trademark" and shows that such indication is a trademark that is legally protected in the territory of the Russian Federation.Provisions of the Civil Code concerning trademarks also apply to service marks, i.e. indications used for identification of works or services rendered by legal entities or sole proprietors. For more information refer to Paragraph 2, Chapter 76 of the Civil Code of the RF, part four, dd. December 18, 2006. No. 230-ФЗ

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Name of origin of goods that is subject to legal protection is an indication that contains or represents contemporary or historical, official or unofficial, full or shortened name of the country, urban or rural settlement, location or other geographical object, as well as identification that is derivative of such name and that has become known due to its use in connection to the goods, specifics of which is exclusively and mainly determined by natural conditions and/or human factors typical of such geographical object. Right holder enjoys exclusive right to use of name of origin of goods in any legal manner (exclusive right to name of place of origin of goods). The term “use” of name of place of origin of goods here means placing of such name including posting on the "Internet", domain names and other addressing methods.It is prohibited to use name of registered place of origin of commodities by bodies that do not have corresponding certificate even if authentic place of origin of commodities is specified or such name is used in translation or in combination with such words as "type", "kind", "imitation" etc., as well as the use of similar identification for any commodities, if such identification may confuse customers in regards to place of origin or specific properties of commodities (illegal use of name of place of origin of commodities).Disposal of exclusive right to the name of place of origin of commodities including its assignment or transfer of the right to use such name to other person is not allowed.In order to indicate his/her exclusive right to name of place of origin of commodities a right holder can use right protection symbol next to the name of place of origin of commodities in the form of phrase "registered name of place origin of commodities" or "registered MPOC", indicating that this indication is a name of place of origin of commodities, registered in the Russian Federation.For more information refer to Paragraph 3, Chapter 76 of the Civil Code of the RF, part four, dd. December 18, 2006. No. 230-ФЗ

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Legal entities, performing business activities (including non-commercial organizations that are granted the right to perform such activity by their foundation documents in accordance with the law), as well as sole proprietors can use trade names that are not brand names and are not subject to obligatory registration in foundation documents and uniform register of legal entities for individualization of their commodities, industrial and other enterprises.Trade name can be used by a right holder for identification of one or several businesses. Two or more trade names cannot be used for identification of one enterprise.Right holder enjoys exclusive right to the use of trade name as a means of individualization of such right holder’s enterprise in any legal manner (exclusive right to trade name). It is prohibited to use trade name that can result in confusion with regards to ownership of an enterprise by a certain person, particularly names similar so that it can be confused with the brand name, trademark or trade name protected by exclusive right and belonging to another person or body, which was entitled to such trade name earlier.In such cases a person or body shall stop using trade name upon the demand of right holder and compensate such person for all damages incurred.For more information refer to Paragraph 4, Chapter 76 of the Civil Code of the RF, part four, dd. December 18, 2006. No. 230-ФЗ

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